According to the CNN article ‘Billions of cicadas are set to appear in a rare ‘double brood emergence,’ scientists say’, written on January 26th, 2024, a remarkable event is predicted to unfold in parts of the United States.

An event in which more than a trillion periodical cicadas, belonging to Broods XIII and XIX, will emerge from the ground, creating a symphony of sound and a visual spectacle for the first time in 221 years.

This phenomenon, which occurs only once every 221 years, is a testament to the unique life cycle of these insects and their importance in the ecosystem.

Cicadas are relatively large insects, measuring 1-2 inches in length, with sturdy bodies, bulging compound eyes, and membranous wings.

They spend much of their life cycle underground as nymphs, feeding on plant juices drawn from the roots of deciduous trees and shrubs.

After emerging, adult males "sing" to attract females using special organs called tymbals on the first segment of the abdomen.

The song’s pitch, tone, frequency, and volume are specific to individual species.

Cicadas live for just a few weeks as adults, and then die after reproducing.

There are two main types of cicadas: annual cicadas, which appear every year but at different times, and periodical cicadas, which emerge every 13 or 17 years.

Broods XIII and XIX are examples of periodical cicadas.

These broods are part of a larger group called broods, which consist of cicadas that emerge in the same year.

Brood XIII will appear in Illinois, Iowa, and Wisconsin, while Brood XIX will emerge in the Midwest and Southeast.

Illinois and Indiana will be able to see both broods at the same time.

The broods will emerge during the summer months, creating a spectacle that will not happen again until 2245.

However, the future of cicadas is uncertain due to human-induced environmental changes.

Deforestation has led to the extinction of some cicada broods, such as Brood XI in 1945.

Additionally, concrete soil created by humans makes it challenging for nymphs to emerge from underground, leading to their deaths.

Climate change also affects cicadas, as temperature changes can cause 17-year cicadas to turn into permanent 13-year cicadas.

Despite these challenges, there is hope for cicadas.

Planting trees can help increase their population and prevent extinction.

Small acts, such as planting trees in gardens, can have a significant impact on nature and the ecosystem.

By understanding and appreciating the unique life cycle of cicadas, we can work towards protecting these fascinating insects and preserving their role in the ecosystem.

In conclusion, the simultaneous emergence of Broods XIII and XIX in 2024 is a rare and awe-inspiring event.

Cicadas, with their unique life cycle and importance in the ecosystem, deserve our attention and protection.

By taking small steps to preserve their habitat and population, we can ensure that future generations will have the opportunity to witness the wonder of periodical cicadas.

The phenomenon of periodical cicadas is a fascinating natural event that has captured the attention of scientists and nature enthusiasts alike.

These insects, with their unique life cycle and synchronized emergence, play a vital role in the ecosystem.

As we continue to learn more about cicadas and their impact on the environment, it is important to take steps to protect and preserve their populations for future generations to enjoy.

Taeeon Alya Kim

Grade 7

The Bement School